Electrical signaling



Nam 1?,1925. v 1,561,559

J. O. MAUBORGNE ET AL ELECTRICAL SIGNALING Filed April 8, 1921 5 Sheers-Sheet 1 LJ/ I L/z 4 Nave M11925. 1,561,559

J. 0. MAUBORGNE ET AL I ELECTRICAL SIGNALING- Filed April 6, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nam 17 J. o. MAUBORGNE ET AL ELECTRICAL SIGNALING Filed Apiil 8, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 m u b .v Q w MM a 222 222 222C WW .QW \N f A, a f AAA2222V w mm, Q XW w. N A i AAA2&2Q2QV mxmmww Y I Patented Nov. 17, 1925.

" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH O. MAUBORGNE, LOUIS COHEN, AND GUY HILL, OF WASHITTGTON, DISTRTCT OF COLUMBIA.

ELECTRICAL SIGNALING.

Application filed April 8, 1921. Serial No. 459,530.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we,-JosEi H O. MAU- noncxn, LOUIS Conan, and GUY HILL, residing in Vashington, District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Signaling, of which the following is a specification.

This inventionrelates to the art of radio signaling, and particularly receiving radio signals and system for use in practicing same.

The object of the present invention is to secure a more selective tuning system, eliminating electro-static disturbances and other interferences in the reception of radio signals.

In pending applications by J. 0. Manborgne and Guy Hill, Serial Numbers 389,720 and 389,450, and in pending applications by Louis Cohen and J. O. Mauborgne,

Serial Numbers 389,451 and 401,762, methods for receiving radio signals were described in which resonance wave coils are employed, and utilizing the wave development effects produced by electrical excitations acting either on the resonance wave coils directly, or on an antenna to which the wave coils are electrically connected.

The present invention presents further modification maturing from the aforesaid pending applications, but embodying additional novel features with the View of securing still greater improvements in the results desired, namely, more selective tuning, securing greater freedom from electro-static disturbances and other interferences in the reception of radio signals.

Preferably, the general principles covering the uses of resonance wave coils for the reception and transmission of radio signals plications referred to above. The method involved in the present invention consists in the use of more than one wave coil, transferring the energy of the received signal from one wave coil which constitutespart of an antenna system 'to another wave coil which has no physicalconnection to any part of the antenna system, or to the wave coil associated with the antenna ystem. The energy transfer is accomplished through electrostatic or magnetic or a combination of both types of coupling between the wave coils; the indicating instruments being connected to the coupled wave coil. By this arrange meet. a progressive elimination in interference and atmospheric disturbances is effected. Any interference efi'ect which is not completely damped out in its passage through the first wave coil is further reduced in its travel through the second coupled wave coil. The signal effects on the other hand', do not suffer any material attenuation if the wave coils are properly adjusted in relation to the wave length of the signal so as to procure wave development ef- :tects on both wave coils, and the grid of a vacuum tube indicator is connected to a loop of potential on the second coupled wave coil.

The difference in the propagational characteristics of sustained oscillations and impulses or damped oscillations on a conductor of distributed inductance and capacity has been fully discussed in the hereintofore identified pending applications of Louis Cohen and J. O. Mauborgne. A progressive improvement may be obtained by using several wave coils successively coupled, the signal energy being transferred several times from one wave coil to another before it acts on the indicating instrument.

The principle of operation and the method of using our invention can better be understood by reference to the accompanying diagrammatic figures which show typical embodiments of the invention and form part of this specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View of the system for carrying out the invention in Which one wave coil is connected to the antenna and another wave coil associated with an indicating instrument, is coupled to the wave coil of the antenna system. have been fully described in the pending ap- Figure 2 ditl'crs from Figure 1 in that a closed loop aerial is used in place of an open aerial.

L In the embodiment shoiyn in Figure 3 no ground connection is used for the antenna system.

Figure 4 shows an arrangement of the invention in which the aerial is grounded through a tuned loop circuit and the wave coil is connected directly to a point on the antenna system.

The modification shown in Figure 5 con-- sists in the use of an elcctro-static coupling between the antenna and the wave coil.

Figure 6 differs from Figure 5 only in that Lltl tube t on the the tuning inductance is in series with the plate condenser instead of in parallel.

Another modification is shown in l igure 7 in 'which a wave coil placed .in the prom iinity t a-tuned antenna system and utilizing the coupling.liietween the antenna sys tem and the were coil.

Figure 8 shows still another modiiitauiion in which three ware coils are employed, the

antenna being connected to one ware coil and the signal energy heing transferred through an intermediary ware coil het'o e it reaches the third wave -oil to which the-indicating instrument is connected.

The modification of the invention shown in Figure 9 consists in coupling two systems of Wave coils to the wave coil associated with the antenna for the purpose of receiving si inultaneously two signals of ditlcrt-nt irequencic.

Having imrticularreference to the draw ings and in ct'inuection with uhitzh lilqc t acters of reference will d signate cot it sponding parts thereo't. in l icure l. the antenna l is connected to a rariahlr condenser 2 and in scries with the wa coil 3. -zindicates an adjustable metal tu c surrounding part of the ware. coil Z3 and heiiu;- grounded at the point 7 through a tunial loop circuit. consisting of a variable condenser ti and Variable inductance joined in parallel. Another, wave coil 8 is electro-statitjally as sociated with the imlicating instriuucnt itl through a metal ring 9, sliding along; the Wave coil 8. It a vacuum tube indicator is used, the sliding ring 9 is connected to the grid which is here represented h l l., v

The principle ol operation is as tollows:

In Figure 1 the tuning of the antenna tcm is accomplished hy ranrinc; the capacity 2, the inductance and capaciti 1 ol the loop circuit, and rarring the position ot the m tal are coil Cl. l'l'y properl atljusting' all th ahore elements in relation to each other and in relation to the ware-length of the signal, extremely-sharp tuning is oln tained. By adjusting-flu length (it the ware. coil 3 in relation to the W2l\'(-l(ll 1{'tll ot' the signal, tatimuir waves on the coil 3 are estahli. "'d, the energy oi which is trans terred to re ware. coil Fl through the incdi-- nm of the coupling htneen them. due to IJIOXlIHltffOf the WSWC coils and 4. By varying the relative potitioi'is of the two Wave coils, 3 and S, the degree and character of the coupling is varied. "the coin lingg ma be either elcctro-static or elect ro n znrnet in or generally a combination of the two types at coupling. The energy translerrcd tront Wave coil 3 etlects aware development on Wave coil 8, setting up stationary waves thereon. By connecting the grid ll of the vacuum tube indicator 10 to a loop of potential pointon-coil 8, a large 'al eti'ez-t is obtained. The connection e indicator l0 and the ware coil 8 may he either direct or clcctro-static, as shown in the diagram.

In the case of any ft'ireign disturbances which may he in the nature of an impulse or damped oscillations acting on the antenna,.

the eli'ccts are rapidly attenuated asthe disturbance travels along the ware coil 3 and any residual eil'cet which may reach the end of the coil 3 and be transferi tl through couplingto the wave coil 8, is ill further attenuated as it progresses along the ware coil 8 and therefore. very little, it' any, et-

f ct on the int'licatinginstrument is obtained! Figure ditl'ers only from Figure 1 'in that a closed loop aerial is used, consisting of loop lland rariahle condenser l3. This loop aerial system is connected to the Wave coil 23 through a ra iahle condenser ll. In this arrangement, the loop circuit of inductance and capacity 6. which is grounded at the point 7, may or may not he used, although under certain conditions, the addition of this tuned loop circuit is useful. The operation of this arrangement is-practically the same as that described in connection with Figure 1.. i

The embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 3 consists 'in theuse of an ungronnded antenna. In this case the antenna 1 serres onl "for the purpose of picking up the signal energyv and t'ansferring it to the were coil 3, through adjustable connection 96. setting up a ware development on that toil and again tran ring such energy from warc coil 3 to warn coil 8 and through the coupling which cxi."v het'n'ecn them because of the relative positcoils with respect to t'ntflx other.

The modification shown in Figure 4 co usi ts in the use of a tun antenna circuit, comprising the aerial l. wriahlc condenser and loop circuit S G. and oun'd T; The wave coil 3 is connected directl', to the antenna through the adjustahle conta t point. 26. The incoming signal sets .up oscillations in the antenna system and impresses such oscillations on the wave coil 3, etl'ecting ware developments on that coil and again transferring the energy to the wave coil 8 which is associated with suitable indicator 10, eonnnectcd electro-statically through the ring; 9. The iilarnent electrode terminal 527, of the vacuum tube 10 is grounded at the point; 7. In some cases ibis preferable to omit the ground connection 7.

The modification shown in Figure consists in the use of a tuned antenna system comprising antenna 1, a variable inductance 15, loop circuit 5, 6. and ground 7. Attwo as ot the two ware points28, and '29 of the variable inductance.

40 through the ring 19 to the V 50 through of the condenser formed by the two plates 16 and 17, thereby inducing the transfer electro-st-atically of signal energy to the wave coil 3 and effecting a wave develop- 6 ment; on that coil. The indicating instrument is connected elcctro-statically through the ring 9 to the wave coil 3. The modifications shown in igure (3 consist in the use of a tuned antenna system 10 coupled electro-statically with a wave coil.

The tuned antenna system consists of antenna 1, condenser formed by metal plates 16 and 17, variable inductance coil 18, a loop circuit 5, 6 1I 1(l ground 7. Plates 16 and 17 being placcdji-n close proximity to wave coil 3, producing an electrical charge on the said wave coil 3, and setting up a wave development on it, the indicator 10 being connected electro-statically through the ring 9 to the 20 wave coil 3. The distance of plates 16, 17 from Wave coil 3 and from each other can be varied as desired. Also, the exact physical form of plates 16 and 17 are not indicated as they can assume any shape desired. In Figure 7 the wave coil 3 has no physical connection with the antenna system. The signal energy picked up by the antenna is transferred'to the wave coil 3 through the magnetic 01' static coupling existing between the wave coil 3 and the antenna system 1, 2, 18, 7, because of the proximity of the I wave coil 3 to the antenna system. In this case also, a wave development is established on the wave coil 3 and the indicating instrumentLlO is connected electro-statically through the ring 9 to the Wave coil 3.

In the modification shown in Figure 8 three wave coils are employed. An untuned antenna 1 is connected electro-statically wave coil 3. A wave development is established on wave coil 3, the energy being transferred to. wave coil 20, thus establishing a wave development on that coil and again transferring the energy to the wave coil 21 which is associa ed with an indicator 10 through the metal ringt). The purpose of this arrangement is tosecure a greater attenuation of any interfering signal by having it pass three wave coils before it reaches the indicating instrument-s, thereby securing a progressive reduction in the interference effects and hence securing still greater elearness of the signal received. The wavelength of the wave coilQO should be adjusted 41) the length of the signal desired to be received.

In Figure 9 an arrangement is shown whereby a wave coil system is utilized for" diplex work, that 1s, receiving simultaneously on the same antenna, two signals of different frequencies. The antenna 1 is connected electro-statically through the ring 19 to' some point on the wave coil 20, 21." The relative parts of. the Wave coil 20. 21. are

justed to be in resonance for the 'l requcm y of the signals picked up by antenna 1 and part of wave coil 19, 21. The detectors 1, 10 associated, respectively, with the coils 2"), 25, through the metal rings 9. t will each respond only to the signal acting upon the coil with which the detector is associated.

It is obvious that various other modifications of the circuit arrangements may be made without departing from the spirit or. scope of the invention. For the purpose of illustration, only two wave coils are shown in nearly all of the figures utilizing qnly one energy transfer from one wave coil to another. Obviously, more than two wave coils can be used for successively transferring the energy from one wave coil to another and thereby effecting a greater attenuation of any residual disturbance which may exist in any one coil. Also in all the figures the indicator shown may be a simple vacuum tube detector or an amplifier or an oscillating detector including an oscillating circuit with the necessary regenerative coupling associated with it for the purpose of receiving undamped waves or utilizing the regenerative effects to obtain a greater efficiency. Also in all the figures except Figure 4, the detector, or tuned receiving set; associated with detector is shown as being free from any ground connection. In some cases it may be preferably to use a ground connection to the indicator as shown in Figure 4, for the arrangements shown in all the other figures. It is clearly within the province of the invention to introduce these variatlons.

We clann:

1. In a system for radio signaling, an antenna, a Wave coil adapted for the production. of Wave development effect thereon bysignal energy, and opcratirely associated with said antenna, means for transferring said signal Wave energy through an clcctrostatic coupling to another wave coil which is'operatively associated with at detecting instrument 2. In a system for radio signaling, an air grounded antenna, wave coils adapted for the production of wave development efiect thereon, one of said Wave coils being 0 eratively associated with an adjustab e grounded metal tube, the other of said Wave coils being operatively associated with an indicating instrument, means for transferring the received signals acting on the ungrounded antenna through said two \VHTQ coils which are in electro-static and electromagnetic relation to each other.

, 3. In a s stein for radio signaling, an antenna, a p nrality of wave coils, each of said valve coils being adapted for the production of wave development cllect (hereon,

one of said Ware (oils being coinleclcd to the said antenna, means for transferring" successively, el'ectrostatically, and .elect l"O-lll2l-,

' netically the wave energy to the several "wave coils, the last of said Wave coils being operatively associated With an indicating instrn-- ment.

4. In a system for radio signaling, an antenna, a WZLYQ coil adapted for the production of wave development thereon by sig- 20 ual energy, and opelatively associated with said antenna, the point of connection of the antenna to said Wave coil being so adjusted that the antenna and elther part of the wave coil may be adjusted to be in resonance for two dillerent :irequencies, thereby making the system responsive to two signals of different frequencies, the two parts of said wave coi being respccth'ely coupled to other \VZHG coils suitably adjusted for the selective reception of one of said two frequencies and operatively assoc1ated with indicating instruments.

5. A system for radio signaling.colnprismg an antenna ele'ct-ro-statically connected to a wave coil, the point of connection of the said antenna to the said WZIVQ coil dividlng the said wave @011 into two parts in such Way as to make each part respond to a J. o. MAUBORGNE,

LOUIS COHEN. our HILL. 

